Rotary air pump



oct. 3Q, 1928. 11,689,439

F. LAwAczEcK ROTARY AIR PUMP Filed Sept. 29, 1926 Patented oct. 3o, 1928.

vUNITED `STATES y 1,689,439 ritiri-:NT OFFICE.

FRANZ LAWACZECK, or MUNICH, GERMANY, AssIGNoR To Won'rHINGIoN PUMP ANDv MACHINERY CORPORATION, 0E NEW Yonx, N. Y., A coEIoRArIoN 0E VIRGINIA.

.ROTARY .AIR PUMP.

Application led September 29, 1926. Serial No. 138,352.v

- ing as a piston drives in front of itself and thereby compresses in these bladingecells air or other gas, whileduring its outward Howfrom these blading-cells it draws after itself into the-blading-cells air from the central portion of the runner.

According to the present invention a` quantity of water enclosed in such a pump does not operate, as hitherto simply as a pumppiston hy the runner being driven externally hy means of a shaft, hut on the other hand the pressure-water penetrating, into the lolading-cells and compressing the air o'r the like simultaneously rotates the runner, so that the runner operates simultaneously as a turbine-wheel and as a pump-wheel. 'lhe latter is in consequence of the pressure-water which penetrates from the outer' periphery, after the consumption of itsfenergy looth for driving the runner and for compressing the air, loeing dung outwardly in consequence of the pumping action of the runner and7 in the manner otherwise lrnown, hereloy withdrawing air into the runner-cellsfrom the'central portion of the runner;

'lhis construction has inter alia the essen#y tian advantage of considerably simplifying the machine in that external drivin@q ofthe runner is altogether dispensed with. The runner is surrounded on all sides loy the machine casing and is journalled therein. ln this way the otherwise necessary. stufdnghoz for the driving shaft of the runner and obviously also the shaft itselil are entirely dispensed with, whereby the `otherwise unavoidahle laclr of 'tightness of, and penetra- 'tion of air through, the smiling-hon are en tirely avoided'. For this reason the new machine is speciallywell adapted as a vacuum air-pump for the production of high negative pressures or vacua.

The runner prefera'hly receives a numloer of oadmissiori-impacts on its periphery and it is mostly preferred that the admission y'openings or nozzles for the pressurewater lill are lohated in the axial direction laterally ad# jacent to the plane of the runnerdolades so that the pressure-water penetrates 'at an inclination from without into the hladirig-cells. The waterpflung out by the pumping action preferably collects in spiral guiding passages which are arranged in lthe plane of the run.

ner-blades. j The suction and the pressure pipes for the air or gas are preferably arranged centrallyin the machinecasing and here openinto a stationary distributor which is known per se and is arranged centrally in the interior of the runner.

@ne of the numerous possible embodiments ofl the invention -is shown hy way of. example in the accompanying drawing, wherein I Fig. l shows in its upper portion a radial section taken on the middle plane of the runner df the machine, in its left and lower quadrant a section of the supply-duct for the pressure-water and in its right and lower portion a view of the exterior of the machine casing, and K Fig. 2 is an yaxial section of the machine.

Referring to the drawing, a runner o is surrounded hy the two parts 251, 52 of the machinecasing which are connected hy bolts t or the lille, the mounting being ysuch that duct c which is located in the plane of the i runner and is sub-divided hy a series of spiral tongues e is connected to the water-outlet pipe-connection g. Leading from. the water inlet duct d to the lolading-cells ofthe runner a are provided preferably a numher of in clined ducts or nozzles d1. ln' order to permit the water from the nozzles all tol enter laterally into the hlading-cells one of the side walls el of the runner is somewhatl smaller in diameter than the remainder of the runner yso that the hlading-cells are exposed on one side of the periphery of therunner and arehere covered hy the casing wall b3 which is penetrated at a few places hy the nozzlesdl. Between the two walls al, a2 of 'the runner is arranged av series of blades a3 so that cells at are formed in the runner.

Centrally disposed in the runner a is. a distributor it which is connected to the machine casing and is 'therefore stationary. llnto this distributor open two pipes preferably located centrally in the machine casing namely, the suction-pipe z for the air or gas to be compressed, and the tube 7c wheretrom the compressed air issues. `'lhe ,suctionchambers h1 in the distributor 7i are separated from the pressure-,chambers 7a2 bymeans of dividing walls 7L3. From the two chambers there extend "outwardlyi'adial passages 7L4r or 7L5 in such manner that the mouths of these passages are located directly in front of the inner mouths of the blading-cells oil the runner a.

rlhe inode of operation of the machine is as ollowsz# n p At the beginning thebladingcells a4 are v filled *from the suction-chamber 71,1 and the Bti passages 7b4 of the distributor 71, with the air or gas to be compressed. Now as soon as the pressure-water penetrates in an inclined direction from without into the blading-cells a4 by way ot the duct 7", the circumferential duct c7 and the nozzles di, the runner a is set in motion lin the direction of the arrow. '.lhe inner end oil the blading-cell ad, whichl was originally located for example in -front of a passage 72,4, is thus closed by the blocking wall 7L, whereupon water penetrates from without through the nozzle 71 and :forces inwardly the air enclosed in the cell while compress ing the same. The energy of this pressure water is consumed by this compression as well as by driving the runner a by the time the inner end of this cell a4 is located in front of the radial passage 7L5 which leads into the pressure chamber 7b2 of the distributor.. @n further rotation vof the runnera Ythe water contained in the cell at is dung outwardly by centrifugal force so that it passes inuo the spiral chamber e2 of the circumferential duct e and from this into the water-outlet pipe-connection g. When the water lows out of the blading-cells a4 the remainder oit the air in them expands until the inner mouth ot the blading-cells comes in front of the next radial passage 71,4, whereby the cell is again lled from within with air to be compressed.

ln itself itis indiderent how often the runner receives admission-impacts by the jet of pressure-water during one revolution, or how often therefore the cycle of operations is repeated during one revolution of the runner. In the embodiment described by way of example three admission-nozzles d1 are provided. f

l claim l l. A rotary airI pump comprising a casing, a'runner having blading cells therein a distributor for the supply and discharge of air to and from the runner, means for introducing fluid under pressure to the periphery of said` runner for compressing and discharging the air from the runner and means Jfor dischargf' Aing Vthe pressure luid from the periphery of said runner for drawing in a further supply of air tube compressed, said pressure ncaaaee lluid constituting the sole means for rotating Vdistrubutor :tor the supply and discharge of air to and from the runner, means Jfor introducing Huid under pressure to the periphery of said runner kfor compressing and discharging the air Jfrom the runner, and means for discharging the pressure fluid from the periphery of said runner for drawing in a :further supplyof air t0 be compressed, said pressure fluid constituting the sole means for rotating the runner.

3. A rotary air pump comprising a casing, a runner having blading cells mounted there in, a central distributor for the supply and discharge of air to and from the runner, a circumferential chiot supplying fluid under pressure, a plurality of nozzles discharging the pressure fluid into said runner tor compressing and discharging the air from the runner, and a circumferential discharge duct receiving the pressure Huid from the periphery of said runner for drawing in a further supply ot air to be compressed, said pressure fluid constituting the sole means for rotating the runner.

A. A rotary air pump comprising a casing, a runner having blading cells journalled therein, a central distributor for the supply and discharge of air to and from the runner, circumferential axially displaced inlet and outlet ducts for pressure fluid, and a plurality or inlet nozzleslaterally disposed with respect to the plane of 'said blading cells and directed towards the periphery of the runner.

5. A rotary air pump comprising a casing, a runner journalled therein havlng blading cells and one side wall of smaller diameter 'than the remainder ot the runner, a central .Y

distributor for the supply and discharge of air to and from the runner, means for supplying pressure iuid to the exposed peripheral edfre of the runner blading cells for com-- 'pressing and discharging the air romsaid runner, and means for receiving the pressure fluid discharded from the outer periphery of said runnerl or drawing in a further supply of air to be compressed.

6.y A rotary air pump comprising a casing,

a runner journalled therein having blading cells and one side wall of smaller diameter than the remainder of the runner, a. central `distributor for the supply and discharge of air to and from the runner, a circumferential duct for pressure liuid, a plurality ot' inlet nozzles connecting said -duct with the exposed peripheral edge of the runner blading cells and directed towards the periphery of the runner, and a 'circumferential outlet duct receiving the pressure fluid discharged from the outer periphery of the runner.

FRANZ LAWACZECK.

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